Diabetes Mellitus (DM) talks about a condition wherein your body isn’t able to regulate the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. There are different types of the disorder such as:

• Type 1 Diabetes – otherwise known as juvenile onset or insulin – dependent (occurs in children)
• Type 2 Diabetes – adult-onset DM or non-insulin dependent DM
• Gestational Diabetes which occurs during the second trimester of pregnancy

This is a chronic disease, and the inability to regulate the glucose will affect the sufferer from performing activities of daily living where energy is given by the blood sugar. Learn more as we give you diabetes mellitus causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment.

What Causes Diabetes Mellitus?

The exact cause of DM is actually dependent on the classification of diabetes that one has. But generally, it is caused by having too little insulin or the hormone produced in the pancreas to regulate the blood glucose. Resistance to the hormone, or both having too little and being resistant can result to the condition as well. Risk factors such as familial history, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, age, and pregnancy are also noted to be responsible for its occurrence.

Its pathophysiology may be long, but to cut it short, the body of the patient is unable to move the blood glucose into muscle, liver, and fat where it can used for energy. When this happens, their blood sugar tends to elevate.

Signs and Symptoms of DM

The symptoms that manifest also vary depending on the type of DM the person has, but common symptoms seems for both types include:

• Fatigue
• Excessive thirst
• Frequent urination
• Hunger
• Unexplained weight loss
• Pour wound healing
• Blurry Vision

If such symptoms are experienced, your doctor may ask you to undergo urine analysis alongside fasting blood glucose or oral glucose tolerance test to provide diagnosis of the condition.

How to Treat Diabetes

Unfortunately, there is no cure for the DM. Treatment on how to cure the problem revolves around management of the blood glucose levels thus avoiding untoward occurrences associated with high levels of it.  Below are some of the interventions used as treatment for the condition:

• Medicine – Since this is dependent on what the type of DM one has, your doctor will set medication treatment which can help you. You might be asked to have daily injections of insulin for type 1 while oral drugs like metformin may be given for those with type 2.
• Diet – Proper nutrition also plays an important role as one of the prevention tips for complications of the problem. With this, you have to consume a diet which is high in fiber, low in fat, and low in sugar.
• Exercises – Avoiding sedentary life is also a great way of eliminating the problem. Moreover, obesity or being overweight has to be eliminated to avoid triggering the condition. Therefore, cardio exercises such as brisk walking, swimming, cycling may be performed to help you with the condition.
• Other measures such as monitoring your blood sugar level, limiting alcohol intake, and cessation of smoking are also great ways of managing your DM.

For more guided information about diabetes mellitus, it is advised that you visit your health care provider to arrange proper goals and plans on how to manage your condition. Stay healthy!

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